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In 1986, Fanjing Mountain was listed as a national nature reserve. In the same year, it was included in the international network of “Man and Biosphere” protected areas by UNESCO, and was known as the “Treasure of the Earth and Humanity”. Fanjing Mountain is rich in wild animal and plant resources, including rare species such as the golden snub-nosed monkey and dove tree. On July 2, 2018, the 42nd World Heritage Committee decided to include Fanjing Mountain as a world natural heritage in the World Heritage List.
Fanjing Mountain preserves the subtropical native ecosystem and relics ancient and rare species from 70 million to 2 million years ago. There are 2601 species of biological species, including 2000 species of plants, 21 species of rare plants listed in the national key protection, accounting for 43% of the total number of protected plants in Guizhou Province; 801 species of animals, 382 species of vertebrates, listed in the national key There are 19 species of protected animals, accounting for 68% of the total number of protected animals in Guizhou Province.
Plants: Fanjing Mountain has 4.2 square kilometers of virgin forest. It is a gathering place for a variety of flora and geographical components. It is rich in plant species and is a typical native vegetation preservation place in the mid-subtropical mountains in western China. There are more than 2,000 species of plants in the area, including more than 1,000 kinds of higher plants. There are 21 species of national key protected plants, such as dove tree, and it is found that there is a large area of dove tree distribution; it is a rare biological resource gene bank in the world. From the foothills of about 500 meters above sea level to the area of 1300-1400 meters above sea level, it is mainly zonal evergreen broad-leaved forest, which is the essence of Fanjingshan forest. Many of them are still in the state of virgin forest with dense plants. The forest is dark, and there are many rare creatures; from Yu’ao above, 1400-1900 meters above sea level is the evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest belt, and 1900-2100 meters is the deciduous broad-leaved forest belt. In Fanjing Mountain, there are many thick trees, many of which are more than 1 meter in diameter. There are 15 kinds of flora and geographical components in the world, and there are 13 kinds in Fanjing Mountain.
Animals: There are 382 species of vertebrates in Fanjing Mountain, among which the wild animals protected by the state are the golden snub-nosed monkey (a national first-class protected animal, known as the “Elf of Fanjing Mountain”, and there are about 700 “the only child of the earth”. It is only distributed in the Fanjing Mountains of the Wuling Mountains in Guizhou.), bear monkeys, macaques, clouded leopards, forest musk deer, crested deer, suma antelope, pangolins, mandarin ducks, red-bellied pyramids, red-bellied golden pheasants, white-crowned long-tailed pheasants and giant salamanders (worldwide 14 species including the largest and most precious amphibian in existence. Fanjing Mountain is the only distribution area of the golden snub-nosed monkey in Guizhou.
